Nanotechnology is a tremendous field in the medicine. Nanosuspensions have emerged as a promising strategy for the effective delivery of hydrophobic drugs because of their unique advantages and versatile features. Most of the newly discovered drugs coming out from High-throughput screening in drug are failing due to their poor water solubility. Nano refers to particles size range of 1-1000nm. Due to solubility is a crucial factor for drug effectiveness, it is a challenging task to formulate any poorly soluble drug in the industry in conventional dosage forms. Critical problem for poorly soluble drugs is too low bioavailability and erratic absorption. The problem is even more complex for drugs belonging to Biopharmaceutical classification system (BCS) CLASS II category, such as Carbamazepine and itraconazole, as they are poorly soluble in both aqueous and nonaqueous media, and for those drugs having a log P value of 2. To date, nano technology for drug delivery has gained much interest as a way to improve the solubility as well as bioavailability of poorly soluble drugs. Reduction of drug particles up to sub micron level leads to a significant increase in dissolution rate with enhanced bioavailability. Nonosuspensions are promising candidate for poorly soluble drug to enhance the dissolution. Nanosuspensions are submicron colloidal dispersion of pharmaceutical active ingredient particles in a liquid phase without any matrix material, stabilized by surfactants. Nanosuspensions are prepared by using wet mill, emulsion-solvent evaporation, high pressure homogenizer, super critical fluid techniques and melt emulsification method. A nanosuspension not only resolves the poor solubility and bioavailability problems but also alters the pharmacokinetic parameters of drug and thus improves drug safety and efficacy. The review article includes methods of pharmaceutical nanosuspension production, formulation, characterization, application and evalution in drug delivery as well as the marketed products.
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